Pasquinade

A satirical text criticizing the Spanish-American Black Code of 1789.

Creators: Anonymous

Date of Creation: May 1790

Place of origin: Caracas, Venezuela

Physical measurements: Approximately 24 cm. x 18 cm.

Materials: Paper, ink, and pencil

Process by which it was made: Writing and illustration

Current location: Archivo General de Indias (Seville).


Information contributed by Cristina Soriano.

Transcript of Luis Montesdoca’s Interrogation

A detailed archival record of official interrogations under torture practiced in the secular High Court of the Audiencia de Quito (present-day Ecuador).

Creators:  Judges, notaries, attorneys of the Audiencia de Quito, Baltazar Cárdenas, Luis Montesdoca.

Date of Creation: October 20, 1727.

Place of origin: Ecuador

Physical measurements: 45 folios (4 folios for the transcript) 20×30 cm.

Materials: Paper, iron gall ink

Process by which it was made: Handwriting

Current location: Archivo Nacional del Ecuador, Quito.



Further Reading

Burns, Kathryn.  Into the Archive: Writing and Power in Colonial Peru. Durham: Duke University Press, 2010. 

Dean, Carolyn  (2009) “Beyond prescription: notarial doodles and other marks”  Word & Image, 25:3, 293-316 

Herzog, Tamar. Upholding Justice: State, Law and the Penal System in Quito. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2004

Hull, Matthew. Government of Paper: The Materiality of Bureaucracy in Urban Pakistan. University of California Press, 2012

Sellers-García, Sylvia. Distance and Documents at the Spanish Empire’s Periphery. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2014.


Information contributed by Agnieszka Czeblakow.

“The Negro”

A 1789 poem by Mary Leadbeater praising Edmund Burke’s speech supporting resolutions to end the slave trade.

Creators: Mary Leadbeater

Date of Creation: 1789

Place of origin: Ballitore, Ireland

Physical measurements: Eight-page manuscript booklet.

Materials: Laid paper, ink

Process by which it was made: Manuscript

Current location: UCSB Library Special Research Collections.



Further Reading

Freire, Paulo. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York, 2018.

Fuentes, Marisa. Dispossessed Lives: Enslaved Women, Violence, and the Archive. Philadelphia, 2016.

Ghaddar, J. J., and Michelle Caswell. “‘To go beyond’: Towards a Decolonial Archival Practice.” Archival Silence 19, no. 2 (June 2019): 71-85.

Hartman, Saidiya. “Venus in Two Acts.” Small Axe 12, no. 2 (June 2008): 1-14.
Schellenberg, Betty. Literary Coteries and the Making of Modern Print Culture, 1740-1790. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016.


Information contributed by Rachael King.

Former Site of Printer Christopher Saur’s House

Saur (1693-1758) printed the nation’s first European-language Bible and a widely-read German newspaper.

Creators: Christoph Saur and Family, Trinity Lutheran Church.

Date of Creation: House built in 1731, torn down in 1860, site exists today

Place of origin: Germantown, Philadelphia

Materials: Stone and wood

Current location: Philadelphia


Information contributed by Bethany Wiggin.

“A Ball by Mrs. Lindsay”

An eighteenth-century invitation to a ball in Antigua.

Creators: Unknown

Date of Creation: 1768

Place of origin: Saint John’s, Antigua

Physical measurements: 7 x 10 cm

Materials: Heavy paper and ink

Process by which it was made: Text printed, type ornament

Current location: Library Company of Philadelphia


Further Reading

Barringer, Tim and Wayne Modest, eds. Victorian Jamaica. Durham: Duke University Press, 2018.

Frohnsdorff, Gregory. “‘Before the Public’: Some Early Libraries of Antigua.” Libraries & Culture 38 (2003): 1–23. 

Goodman, Glenda. “Joseph Johnson’s Lost Gamuts: Native Hymnody, Materials of Exchange, and the Colonialist Archive.” Journal for the Society of American Music 13.4 (2019): 482-507.


Information contributed by Maria Ryan.

Former Site of Printer Christoph Saur’s House

The location of the house of the first German-language publisher in the United States.

Creators: Christoph Saur and Family, Trinity Lutheran Church, et al

Date of Creation: House built in 1731, torn down in 1860, site exists today.

Place of origin: Germantown, Philadelphia

Materials: Stone and wood

Current location: Germantown, Philadelphia


Information contributed by Bethany Wiggin.

Moses Cohen Gravestone

The oldest extant Jewish gravestone in South Carolina.

Creators: Unknown

Date of Creation: 1762

Place of origin: Charleston, South Carolina

Physical measurements: 69” long, 31” across, 2’ tall

Materials: Stone

Process by which it was made: Engraving

Current location: Coming Street Cemetery, Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim, Charleston, South Carolina


Information contributed by Shari Rabin.